提單的定義與關(guān)系人
時(shí)間:2024-01-09
點(diǎn)擊:49次
海運提單(marine bill of lading or ocean bill of lading),或簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)為提單(bill of lading, b/l),是國際結算中的一種最重要的單據?!稘h堡規則》給提單下的定義是:bill of lading, means a document which evidences a contract of carriage by sea and the taking over or loading of the goods by the carrier, and by which the carrier undertakes to deliver the goods against surrender of the document. a provision in the document that the goods are to be delivered to the order of the document. a provision in the document that the goods are to be delivered to the order of a named person, or to order, or to bearer, constitutes such an undertaking.
《中華人民共和國海商法》(1993年7月1日施行)第71條規定:“提單,是指用以證明海上貨物運輸合同和貨物已經(jīng)由承運人接收或者裝船,以及承運人保證據以交付貨物的單證。提單中載明的向記名人交付貨物,或者按照指示人的指示交付貨物,或者向提單持有人交付貨物的條款,構成承運人據以交付貨物的保證?!?br>提單的主要關(guān)系人是簽訂運輸合同的雙方:托運人和承運人。托運人即貨方,承運人即船方。其他關(guān)系人有收貨人和被通知人等。收貨人通常是貨物買(mǎi)賣(mài)合同中的買(mǎi)方,被通知人是承運人為了方便貨主提貨的通知對象,可能不是與貨權有關(guān)的當事人。如果提單發(fā)生轉讓?zhuān)瑒t會(huì )出現受讓人、持有人等提單關(guān)系人。